Disease phenotype | Item in this table | References | Gene symbol (chromosome)
protein |
| Slow channel syndromes - (AD) | 11.1 | | Sine SM, Ohno K, Bouzat C, Auerbach A, Milone M, Pruitt JN, Engel AG. Mutation of the acetylcholine receptor alpha subunit causes a slow-channel myasthenic syndrome by enhancing agonist binding affinity. Neuron. 1995 Jul;15(1):229-39. (7619526) | | Engel AG, Ohno K, Milone M, Wang HL, Nakano S, Bouzat C, Pruitt JN 2nd, Hutchinson DO, Brengman JM, Bren N, Sieb JP, Sine SM. New mutations in acetylcholine receptor subunit genes reveal heterogeneity in the slow-channel congenital myasthenic syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Sep;5(9):1217-27. (8872460) | | Croxen R, Newland C, Beeson D, Oosterhuis H, Chauplannaz G, Vincent A, Newsom-Davis J. Mutations in different functional domains of the human muscle acetylcholine receptor alpha subunit in patients with the slow-channel congenital myasthenic syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 1997 May;6(5):767-74. (9158151) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha polypeptide 1
|
|
|
| Slow channel syndromes - (AD) | 11.2 | | Gomez CM, Maselli R, Gammack J, Lasalde J, Tamamizu S, Cornblath DR, Lehar M, McNamee M, Kuncl RW. A beta-subunit mutation in the acetylcholine receptor channel gate causes severe slow-channel syndrome. Ann Neurol. 1996 Jun;39(6):712-23. (8651643) | | Engel AG, Ohno K, Milone M, Wang HL, Nakano S, Bouzat C, Pruitt JN 2nd, Hutchinson DO, Brengman JM, Bren N, Sieb JP, Sine SM. New mutations in acetylcholine receptor subunit genes reveal heterogeneity in the slow-channel congenital myasthenic syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Sep;5(9):1217-27. (8872460) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta 1 muscle
|
|
|
| Slow channel syndromes - (AD) | 11.3 | | Gomez, C. M.; Maselli, R. A.; Vohra, B. P. S.; Navedo, M.; Stiles, J. R.; Charnet, P.; Schott, K.; Rojas, L.; Keesey, J.; Verity, A.; Wollmann, R. W.; Lasalde-Dominicci, J. : Novel delta subunit mutation in slow-channel syndrome causes severe weakness by novel mechanisms. Ann. Neurol. 51: 102-112, 2002. (11782989) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, delta
|
|
|
| Slow channel syndromes - (AD, AR) | 11.4 | | Ohno K, Hutchinson DO, Milone M, Brengman JM, Bouzat C, Sine SM, Engel AG. Congenital myasthenic syndrome caused by prolonged acetylcholine receptor channel openings due to a mutation in the M2 domain of the epsilon subunit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 31;92(3):758-62. (12034803) | | Engel AG, Ohno K, Milone M, Wang HL, Nakano S, Bouzat C, Pruitt JN 2nd, Hutchinson DO, Brengman JM, Bren N, Sieb JP, Sine SM. New mutations in acetylcholine receptor subunit genes reveal heterogeneity in the slow-channel congenital myasthenic syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 1996 Sep;5(9):1217-27. (7531341) | | Croxen, R.; Vincent, A.; Newsom-Davis, J.; Beeson, D. : Myasthenia gravis in a woman with congenital AChR deficiency due to epsilon-subunit mutations. Neurology 58: 1563-1565, 2002. (8872460) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, epsilon
|
|
|
| Fast channel syndrome - (AR) | 11.5 | | Wang, H.-L.; Milone, M.; Ohno, K.; Shen, X-M.; Tsujino, A.; Batocchi,m A. P.; Tonali, P.; Brengman, J.; Engel, A. G.; Sine, S. M. : Acetylcholine receptor M3 domain: sterochemical and volume contributions to channel gating. Nature Neurosci. 2: 226-233, 1999. (10195214) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha polypeptide 1
|
|
|
| Fast channel syndrome - (AR) | 11.6 | | Brownlow, S.; Webster, R.; Croxen, R.; Brydson, M.; Neville, B.; Lin, J.-P.; Vincent, A.; Newsom-Davis, J.; Beeson, D. : Acetylcholine receptor delta subunit mutations underlie a fast-channel myasthenic syndrome and arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. J. Clin. Invest. 108: 125-130, 2001. (11435464) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, delta
|
|
|
| Fast channel syndrome - (AR) | 11.7 | | Ohno K, Wang HL, Milone M, Bren N, Brengman JM, Nakano S, Quiram P, Pruitt JN, Sine SM, Engel AG. Congenital myasthenic syndrome caused by decreased agonist binding affinity due to a mutation in the acetylcholine receptor epsilon subunit. Neuron. 1996 Jul;17(1):157-70. (8755487) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, epsilon
|
|
|
| Acetylcholine receptor deficiency - (AR) | 11.8 | | Quiram, P. A.; Ohno, K.; Milone, M.; Patterson, M. C.; Pruitt, N. J.; Brengman, J. M.; Sine, S. M.; Engel, A. G. : Mutation causing congenital myasthenia reveals acetylcholine receptor beta/delta subunit interaction essential for assembly. J. Clin. Invest. 104: 1403-1410, 1999. (10562302) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta 1 muscle
|
|
|
| Acetylcholine receptor deficiency - (AR) | 11.9 | | Shen, X.-M.; Ohno, K.; Fukudome, T.; Tsujino, A.; Brengman, J. M.; De Vivo, D. C.; Packer, R. J.; Engel, A. G. : Congenital myasthenic syndrome caused by low-expressor fast-channel AChR-delta subunit mutation. Neurology 59: 1881-1888, 2002. (12499478) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, delta
|
|
|
| Acetylcholine receptor deficiency - (AR) | 11.10 | | Engel AG, Ohno K, Bouzat C, Sine SM, Griggs RC. End-plate acetylcholine receptor deficiency due to nonsense mutations in the epsilon sub-unit. Ann Neurol 1996;40:810-817. (8957026) | | Ohno K, Quiram PA, Milone M, et al. Congenital myasthenic syndromes due to heteroallelic nonsense/missense mutations in the acetylcholine receptor epsilon subunit gene: identification and functional characterization of 6 new mutations. Hum Mol Genet 1997;6:753-767. (9158150) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, epsilon
|
|
|
| Congenital myasthenic syndrome with rapsyn deficiency - (AR) | 11.11 | | Ohno, K.; Engel, A. G.; Shen, X.-M.; Selcen, D.; Brengman, J.; Harper, C. M.; Tsujino, A.; Milone, M. : Rapsyn mutations in humans cause endplate acetylcholine-receptor deficiency and myasthenic syndrome. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 70: 875-885, 2002. (11791205) | | Ohno, K.; Sadeh, M.; Blatt, I.; Brengman, J. M.; Engel, A. G. : E-box mutations in the RAPSN promoter region in eight cases with congenital myasthenic syndrome. Hum. Molec. Genet. 12: 39-748, 2003 (12651869) |
| |
| Congenital myasthenic syndrome with choline acetyltransferase deficiency - (AR) | 11.12 | | Strauss, W. L.; Kemper, R. R.; Jayakar, P.; Kong, C. F.; Hersh, L. B.; Hilt, D. C.; Rabin, M. : Human choline acetyltransferase gene maps to region 10q11-q22.2 by in situ hybridization. Genomics 9: 396-398, 1991. (1840566) | | Ohno, K.; Tsujino, A.; Brengman, J. M.; Harper, C. M.; Bajzer, Z.; Udd, B.; Beyring, R.; Robb, S.; Kirkham, F. J.; Engel, A. G. : Choline acetyltransferase mutations cause myasthenic syndrome associated with episodic apnea in humans. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 98: 2017-2022, 2001. (11172068) |
| | choline acetyltransferase isoform
|
|
|
| Congenital myasthenic syndrome with end-plate acetylcholin-esterase deficiency - (AR) | 11.13 | | Donger C, Krejci E, Serradell AP, Eymard B, Bon S, Nicole S, Chateau D, Gary F, Fardeau M, Massoulie J, Guicheney P. Mutation in the human acetylcholinesterase-associated collagen gene, COLQ, is responsible for congenital myasthenic syndrome with end-plate acetylcholinesterase deficiency (Type Ic). Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Oct;63(4):967-75. (9758617) |
| | acetylcholinesterase collagen-like tail subunit
|
|
|
| Congenital myasthenic syndrome with MuSK deficiency - (AR) | 11.14 | | Chevessier, F.; Faraut, B.; Ravel-Chapuis A., Richard, P.; Gaudon, K.; Bauché, S.; Prioleau, C.; Herbst, R.; Goillot, E.; Ioos, C.; Azulay, J.P.; Attarian, S.; Leroy, J.P.; Fournier, E.; Legay, C.; Schaeffer, L.; Koenig, J.; Fardeau, M.; Eymard, B.; Pouget, J.; Hantaï, D. MUSK, a new target for mutations causing congenital myasthenic syndrome. J. Med. Genet. 13: 3229-3240, 2004. (15496425) |
| | skeletal muscle receptor tyrosine kinase
|
|
|
| Familial limb-girdle myasthenia - (AR) | 11.15 | | Beeson, D.; Higuchi, O.; Palace, J.; Cossins, J.; Spearman, H.; Maxwell, S.; Newsom-Davis, J.; Burke, G.; Fawcett, P.; Motomura, M.; MÃ*ller, J. S.; LochmÃ*ller, H.; Slater, C.; Vincent, A.; Yamanashi, Y. : Dok-7 mutations underlie a neuromuscular junction synaptopathy. Science 313: 1975-1978, 2006. (16917026) | | Selcen D, Milone M, Shen XM, Harper CM, Stans AA, Wieben ED, Engel AG. Dok-7 myasthenia: phenotypic and molecular genetic studies in 16 patients. Ann Neurol. 2008 Jul;64(1):71-87. (18626973) |
| |
| Familial limb girdle myasthenia with tubular aggregates - (AR) | 11.16 | | Senderek, J., Muller, J. S., Dusl, M., Strom, T. M., Guergueltcheva, V., Diepolder, I., Laval, S. H., Maxwell, S., Cossins, J., Krause, S., Muelas, N., Vilchez, J. J., and 27 others. Hexosamine biosynthetic pathway mutations cause neuromuscular transmission defect. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 88: 162-172, 2011. (21310273) |
| | glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1
|
|
|
| Congenital myasthenic syndrome with agrin deficiency - (AR) | 11.17 | | Huzé C, Bauché S, Richard P, Chevessier F, Goillot E, Gaudon K, Ben Ammar A, Chaboud A, Grosjean I, Lecuyer HA, Bernard V, Rouche A, Alexandri N, Kuntzer T, Fardeau M, Fournier E, Brancaccio A, RÃ*egg MA, Koenig J, Eymard B, Schaeffer L, Hantaï D. Identification of an agrin mutation that causes congenital myasthenia and affects synapse function. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Aug;85(2):155-67. Epub 2009 Jul 23. (19631309) |
| |
| Congenital myasthenic syndrome with Beta2-laminin deficiency - (AR) | 11.18 | | Maselli, R. A., Ng, J. J., Anderson, J. A., Cagney, O., Arredondo, J., Williams, C., Wessel, H. B., Abdel-Hamid, H., Wollmann, R. L. Mutations in LAMB2 causing a severe form of synaptic congenital myasthenic syndrome. J. Med. Genet. 46: 203-208, 2009. (19251977) |
| | laminin, beta 2 (laminin S)
|
|
|
| Congenital myasthenic syndrome, type Ia1 - (AR) | 11.19 | | Christodoulou K, Tsingis M, Deymeer F, Serdaroglu P, Ozdemir C, Al-Shehab A, Bairactaris C, Mavromatis I, Mylonas I, Evoli A, Kyriallis K, Middleton LT. Mapping of the familial infantile myasthenia (congenital myasthenic syndrome type Ia) gene to chromosome 17p with evidence of genetic homogeneity. Hum Mol Genet. 1997 Apr;6(4):635-40. (9097970) |
| |
| Sodium-channel myasthenia - (AR) | 11.20 | | Tsujino A, Maertens C, Ohno K, Shen XM, Fukuda T, Harper CM, Cannon SC, Engel AG. Myasthenic syndrome caused by mutation of the SCN4A sodium channel. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jun 10;100(12):7377-82. Epub 2003 May 23. (12766226) |
| | sodium channel, voltage-gated, type IV, alpha
|
|
|
| Escobar syndrome (multiple pterygium syndrome) - (AR) | 11.21 | | Hoffmann, K.; MÃ*ller, J. S.; Stricker, S.; Megarbane, A.; Rajab, A.; Lindner, T. H.; Cohen, M.; Chouery, E.; Adaimy, L.; Ghanem, I.; Delague, V.; Boltshauser, E.; Talim, B.; Horvath, R.; Robinson, P. N.; LochmÃ*ller, H.; Hubner, C.; Mundlos, S. : Escobar syndrome is a prenatal myasthenia caused by disruption of the acetylcholine receptor fetal gamma subunit. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 79: 303-312, 2006. (16826520) | | Morgan, N. V.; Brueton, L. A.; Cox, P.; Greally, M. T.; Tolmie, J.; Pasha, S.; Aligianis, I. A.; van Bokhoven, H.; Marton, T.; Al-Gazali, L.; Morton, J. E. V.; Oley, C.; Johnson, C. A.; Trembath, R. C.; Brunner, H. G.; Maher, E. R. : Mutations in the embryonal subunit of the acetylcholine receptor (CHRNG) cause lethal and Escobar variants of multiple pterygium syndrome. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 79: 390-395, 2006. (16826531) |
| | cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, gamma polypeptide
|
|
|
| Myasthenic syndrome, with plectin defect - (AR) | 11.22 | | Banwell BL, Russel J, Fukudome T, Shen XM, Stilling G, Engel AG. Myopathy, myasthenic syndrome, and epidermolysis bullosa simplex due to plectin deficiency. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1999 Aug;58(8):832-46. (10446808) | | Selcen, D., Juel, V. C., Hobson-Webb, L. D., Smith, E. C., Stickler, D. E., Bite, A. V., Ohno, K., Engel, A. G. Myasthenic syndrome caused by plectinopathy. Neurology 76: 327-336, 2011. (21263134) |
| | plectin 1, intermediate filament binding protein 500kDa
|
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